Detailed Overview of Class 12 Biology NCERT Solutions Chapter Wise

With the help of this overview of Class 12 Biology NCERT Solutions, you can easily understand the chapter overview in a simple way. 

Chapter 1: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

This chapter explains sexual reproduction in flowering plants along with their structure, morphology, and main processes. It covers topics like pollination, seed development, and fruit formation.

The chapter also includes easy explanations of pre-fertilization events, post-fertilization events, double fertilization, polyembryony, and apomixis.

Chapter 2: Human Reproduction

The Human Reproduction chapter explains how reproduction happens in humans. It covers gametogenesis (formation of gametes) and the changes that occur when humans reach puberty. Since male and female reproductive processes are different, this chapter helps you understand those differences clearly.

The main topics include the male and female reproductive systems, menstrual cycle, fertilization and implantation, embryonic development, pregnancy, lactation, and parturition.

Chapter 3: Reproductive Health

The previous chapters explained the human reproductive system and its functions. This chapter focuses on a related topic on Reproductive Health. It refers to healthy reproductive organs and their normal functioning. 

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), reproductive health means complete physical, emotional, social, and behavioral well-being in all aspects of reproduction.

This chapter includes all important topics like reproductive health problems and strategies, birth control, population explosion and medical termination of pregnancy (MTP).

Chapter 4: Principles of Inheritance and Variation

Genetics is a part of Biology which explains how traits are passed from parents to their children. It helps us to know about why children look mostly similar to their parents and why some features are different.

This chapter covers important topics like Mendel’s Laws of Inheritance, sex determination, inheritance of one or two genes, genetic disorders, and mutations.

Chapter 5: Molecular Basis of Inheritance

Previous chapters explained inheritance patterns and their genetic basis. During Mendel’s time, the exact factors controlling inheritance were not known. 

But over the next century, scientists discovered that DNA is the genetic material in most organisms. You also learned in Class 11 that nucleic acids are made of nucleotides.

This chapter covers important topics such as the DNA and RNA world, search for genetic material, genetic code, transcription, replication, translation, Human Genome Project, DNA fingerprinting, and regulation of gene expression.

Chapter 6: Evolution

Evolutionary Biology studies how life on Earth began and changed over time.

This chapter covers topics like the origin of life, theories of evolution, evidence for evolution, adaptive radiation, mechanisms of evolution, biological evolution, the Hardy–Weinberg principle, and the origin and evolution of humans.

Chapter 7: Human Health and Disease

NCERT Class 12 Biology Chapter 7 helps students understand common diseases in humans and how to prevent them. 

Your health can be affected by genetic disorders, infections, and lifestyle factors like daily habits, food, water, exercise, and rest. This chapter explains important topics like common human diseases, drugs, cancer, AIDS, alcohol abuse, and immunity.

Chapter 8: Microbes in Human Welfare

Besides visible plants and animals, biological systems also include microbes, which are microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. 

You have already learned about living organisms and their diversity in class 11. Some fungi and bacteria grow on nutrient-rich media and develop visible colonies, which allow scientists to examine them more clearly.

This chapter explains how microbes play an important role in industries, homes, biogas plants, sewage treatment plants, and in preparing biofertilizers.

Chapter 9: Biotechnology : Principles and Processes

Biotechnology involves using living organisms or their enzymes to make products that benefit people.

The European Federation of Biotechnology (EFB) states that biotechnology includes both traditional methods and modern molecular techniques.

Chapter 10: Biotechnology and its Applications

The previous chapters explained how biological products and medicines can be produced on an industrial scale by using genetically modified plants, animals, fungi, and microbes. This chapter also explain the applications of biotechnology in different fields. 

Chapter 11: Organisms and Populations

Earlier chapters explained that Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with each other and with their environment. This chapter discusses the four levels of biological organisms, populations, communities, and biomes. 

It explains ecology at the organism and population levels in detail and covers key concepts like organisms and their environment and populations.

Chapter 12: Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a functional unit of nature where organisms interact with each other and with their physical environment. 

This chapter begins by explaining the structure of an ecosystem, which helps you understand how energy enters, moves through, and leaves the system. It then explains the relationships formed through energy flow, including food chains, food webs, and cycles.

The chapter covers important topics like ecosystem structure and function, decomposition, productivity, energy flow, ecological succession, ecological pyramids, ecosystem services, and nutrient cycling.

Chapter 13: Biodiversity and Conservation

The Biodiversity and Conservation chapter explains topics like species diversity, genetic diversity, ecological diversity, patterns of diversity, loss of biodiversity, types of species, and methods of biodiversity conservation. Biodiversity can be conserved in two ways—in situ and ex situ.

In situ conservation, endangered species are protected in their natural habitats to save the entire ecosystem. In ex situ conservation, threatened species are protected outside their natural habitats in places like botanical gardens, zoos, cryopreservation centers, tissue culture labs, and through in vitro fertilization.

Class 12 Biology Chapter Wise Weightage Structure

The chapter wise weightage structure helps you focus on most important and high scoring chapters. It will help you score 90%+ marks in your biology exam. 

Advantages of Class 12 Biology NCERT Solutions

There are many benefits of choosing Class 12 biology NCERT solutions such as:

• NCERT Solution is helpful for quick revision of all chapters before your board exams. It helps students remember important concepts easily.

• It explain all topics in detail with step by step explanations and make hard topics easy.  

• With the help of NCERT Solutions, you can easily score good in your cbse exams. Because it aligns all content in a structured way.  

• Its contents are written by subject teachers by following the latest CBSE guidelines.  

• You can easily download NCERT Solutions by visiting our Veda Academy official website without paying any charges.  

What Makes Veda Academy the Best Choice for CBSE Board Exam Preparation?

For CBSE board exam prep, Veda Academy is the perfect choice because it simplifies learning for every student. From NCERT-based notes and clear explanations to mock tests and regular practice, everything is designed to boost scores. 

Our expert teachers and quick doubt support make concepts easy, and our smart revision tools help during exam time.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

Question: Where can I download Class 12 Biology NCERT Solutions PDF chapter-wise?

Answer: You can download the Class 12 Biology NCERT Solutions PDF chapter wise free of cost from Veda Academy official website without any login. We simplify all NCERT Solutions in easy to understand language, which helps you to make your exam preparation easy. 

Question: Are Veda Academy NCERT Solutions based on the latest CBSE syllabus?

Answer: Yes, our experienced teachers follow the latest CBSE syllabus according to CBSE guidelines. We also add diagrams and pictures which makes learning easy and helps to remember concept quickly. 

Question: Are Class 12 Biology NCERT Solutions enough for CBSE board exam preparation?

Answer: Yes, if you finish NCERT Solutions with strong preparation, it can be enough for your exam preparation. Because it covers all important formulas, theories, examples and exercises which helps you to score good in your class 12 exam.  

Question: Are the NCERT Solutions available for free on Veda Academy?

Answer: Absolutely yes, we provide NCERT Solutions PDFs free of cost for Class 6 to 12 for all subjects. Apart from this we also provide NCERT notes, important questions and previous year question papers which helps in your exam preparation. 

Question: Why should I prepare with Veda Academy’s NCERT Biology Solutions?