Download CBSE NCERT Class 12 Physics Book PDFs

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Explore CBSE Class 12 Physics NCERT Chapter-wise Book PDF

To score well in your CBSE exams, download the Class 12 Physics NCERT Book chapter-wise free of cost. We focus on making content easy to understand with detailed explanations. 

Quick Overview of Chapter-wise Class 12 Physics NCERT Book 

This detailed overview of chapter-wise Class 12 Physics NCERT Solutions helps you understand all topics in an easy way with the updated CBSE syllabus. 

Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields: In this chapter, you will know about the concept of electric charges, electric fields, and their operation. You will know the method for finding the force between two charges which are placed at a certain distance apart. And why charges are created by rubbing a glass rod and a piece of silk cloth together.

This chapter contains information on how to determine the dipole moment and total charge in an electric field. It also contains many more topics such as Coulomb’s law, force between multiple charges, conservation of charges, and Gauss’s theorem.

Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance: In this chapter, you will be introduced to topics related to electric potential and potential difference. Concepts related to electric potential, equipotential surfaces, dipoles, charge systems, dielectrics, and electric polarization are discussed in this chapter.

This chapter also deals with capacitors, their capacitance, energy stored in a capacitor, and connecting capacitors in series and in parallel. Potentiometer and meter bridges have also been briefly explained in this chapter. At the end of this chapter, numerical problems related to the above-mentioned topics have been provided.

Chapter 3: Current Electricity: This chapter includes a list of significant definitions such as resistance, electric current, drift velocity, internal resistance, conductance, Ohm’s law, electromotive force of a cell, and resistivity. You will also be introduced to the concept of how resistivity changes for metals, alloys, and semiconductors.

In the chapter, you will understand how to convert complex electrical circuits into series and parallel combinations. This chapter will also discuss Kirchhoff's laws along with their simple applications. Some of the significant instruments that will be discussed in this chapter include potentiometer, Wheatstone bridge, and metre bridge.

Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism: Students will be introduced to these concepts through figures, examples, graphs, and real-life situations, which help students to memorize them easily. The chapter covers the concept of magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment, Ampere’s law and its applications, and Biot-Savart law.

Definition of an ampere, working of moving coil galvanometer, current sensitivity of galvanometer, and the conversion of a galvanometer to ammeter or voltmeter will be explained in detail. Some questions are given at the end of this chapter.

Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter: Students will study the concept of magnetic field lines, the earth’s magnetism, and the compass in Chapter 5. 

Some of the topics covered in this chapter include the current loop as a magnetic dipole, magnetic dipole moment, bar magnet as a solenoid, earth’s magnetic field and its elements, magnetic dipole moment of the revolving electron, and magnetic field lines.

Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction: In Chapter 6, the connection between magnetism and electricity is studied by the students. Chapter 6 consists of concepts such as electromagnetic induction, Faraday's laws, Lenz’s Law, Eddy Currents, induced EMF and current, self and mutual induction. 

In addition to this, peak and RMS values of AC voltage and current are also discussed in the chapter. While answering questions, students must keep in mind the magnetic field and induced EMF direction.

Chapter 7: Alternating Current: This chapter is much smaller as compared to other chapters and explains the basic concepts of AC Voltage and AC circuits. 

Concepts such as alternating currents, power in AC circuits, power factor, resonance, reactance, impedance, and LCR series circuits are covered in this chapter. Inductors, transformers, AC Generators, and LC Oscillations are discussed qualitatively.

Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves: Electromagnetic waves have a connection with magnetism; therefore, prior information will assist students in comprehending this chapter.

This chapter deals with topics such as electromagnetism, capacitors, potential difference, and displacement current. Important topics like Kirchhoff’s law, RMS value of conduction current, and comparison between conduction and displacement currents will be covered.

Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments: This chapter describes the concepts of reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light through ray diagrams. Formation of images is described on the basis of reflection and refraction of light. Several optical instruments along with their construction and functioning, including human eyes, are discussed in this chapter.

Chapter 10: Wave Optics: In Chapter 10, the most important concept is Huygens ’ laws of reflection and refraction, which carry the highest weightage. 

The chapter also covers Brewster’s Law, the Doppler Effect, angular width, Young’s double-slit experiment, fringe width, diffraction through a single slit, coherent sources, sustained interference of light, and the basics of interference and polarization.

Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter: In this chapter, you will learn whether radiation behaves like a particle, a wave, or both. It also explains concepts such as the photoelectric effect, wave theory, and the wave nature of light. 

Important topics include Einstein’s photoelectric equation, electron emission, the dual nature of radiation, the De-Broglie relation, observations by Hertz and Lenard, the Davisson–Germer experiment, matter waves, and the experimental evidence for the wave nature of particles.

Chapter 12: Atoms: In Chapter 12, the Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom is one of the key concepts. This chapter also covers Rutherford’s atomic model, the alpha-particle scattering experiment, atomic spectra, the line spectrum of hydrogen, and De Broglie’s explanation of Bohr’s second postulate of quantisation.

Chapter 13: Nuclei: Chapter 13 explains important concepts related to the nucleus, such as its composition, size, and atomic masses. It also covers nuclear force, mass–energy, nuclear binding energy, radioactivity, nuclear fission, and the working of a nuclear reactor.

Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics: Material, Devices, and Simple Circuits. This is one of the highest-scoring chapters in Class 12 Physics. Most questions focus on semiconductor diodes, especially n-type semiconductors, dopants, and charge carriers. Students should also know the output frequency of half-wave and full-wave rectifiers.

The chapter covers metals, conductors, semiconductors, intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors, and special p-n junction diodes like the Zener diode, photodiode, LED, solar cell, and basic logic gates.